Geotextiles are synthetic or natural permeable fabrics utilized for a wide range of geotechnical applications. These versatile materials enhance the performance and stability within soil structures by providing separation, reinforcement, filtration, and drainage functions. Geotextiles are commonly used in projects such as road construction, ground

Geotextiles are synthetic materials widely used during geotechnical engineering applications. These nonwoven geotextiles consist of randomly arranged fibers that provide a range of beneficial properties, including high tensile strength, permeability, and resistance to erosion. Geotextile nonwovens find diverse applications in various geotechnical